什麼是原生營養乳鐵蛋白?

原生營養乳鐵蛋白是一種能與鐵質結合的蛋白質,佔母乳所有蛋白質的15-20%[1]。它在母乳的乳清蛋白(Whey)含量中排行第二,佔總含量的25%左右[2]

功能

乳鐵蛋白與多種生理機能息息相關 - 包括免疫力、抗發炎能力,它還能通過與鐵質結合,對抗氧化;促進人體吸收鐵質[3]

無論是單獨使用,或是與其他成分共同使用,乳鐵蛋白都有增強孩子對抗病原的功效,它的保護功能對早產或出生體重過輕的嬰兒[4] 、健康嬰兒[5] 、兒童[6] 都有效。大量的實驗室及動物研究都證明,乳鐵蛋白能以不同生理機制支持腸道免疫系統。

母乳中的原生營養乳鐵蛋白

初乳,即母親產後首數天所製造的乳汁,含有非常豐富的乳鐵蛋白(每一公升有7克),在嬰兒出生後的首數個星期,提供關鍵的免疫保護。經過初乳後,成熟乳汁中的乳鐵蛋白降低至平均每公升0.44至4.4克2,而成熟牛奶裡的乳鐵蛋白則很低,平均每公升只有0.03至0.1克[7]

延伸閱讀


[1] Lonnerdal, B. 2014. Infant formula and infant nutrition: bioactive proteins of human milk and implications for composition of infant formulas. Am J Clin Nutr 99(3):712S-717S.
[2] Rai, D., A. S. Adelman, W. Zhuang, G. P. Rai, J. Boettcher, and B. Lonnerdal. 2014. Longitudinal changes in lactoferrin concentrations in human milk: a global systematic review.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 54(12):1539-1547.
[3] Garcia-Montoya, I. A., T. S. Cendon, S. Arevalo-Gallegos, and Q. Rascon-Cruz. 2012. Lactoferrin a multiple bioactive protein: an overview. Biochim Biophys Acta 1820(3):226-236.
[4] Manzoni, P., M. Rinaldi, S. Cattani, L. Pugni, M. G. Romeo, H. Messner, I. Stolfi, L. Decembrino, N. Laforgia, F. Vagnarelli, L. Memo, L. Bordignon, O. S. Saia, M. Maule, E. Gallo, M. Mostert, C. Magnani, M. Quercia, L. Bollani, R. Pedicino, L. Renzullo, P. Betta, F. Mosca, F. Ferrari, R. Magaldi, M. Stronati, D. Farina, and I. S. o. N. Italian Task Force for the Study and Prevention of Neonatal Fungal Infections. 2009. Bovine lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of lateonset sepsis in very low-birth-weight neonates: a randomized trial. JAMA 302(13):1421-1428.
[5] King, J. C., Jr., G. E. Cummings, N. Guo, L. Trivedi, B. X. Readmond, V. Keane, S. Feigelman, and R. de Waard. 2007. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in bottle-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 44(2):245-251.
[6] Zuccotti, G. V., D. Trabattoni, M. Morelli, S. Borgonovo, L. Schneider, and M. Clerici. 2009. Immune modulation by lactoferrin and curcumin in children with recurrent respiratory infections. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 23(2):119-123.
[7] Lönnerdal, B., R. Jiang, and X. Du. 2011. Bovine lactoferrin can be taken up by the humanintestinal lactoferrin receptor and exert bioactivities. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 53(6):606-614.